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Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry Volume 52, Issue 13, pages 1854–1861, 1 July 2014.
Osamu Shimomura 1 ,*, Keisuke Maeno1,Atsushi Ohtaka1, Shunro Yamaguchi2,*Junko Ichihara2, Kiyoko Sakamoto3 , Ryôki Nomura1
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Osaka Institute of Technology, Osaka, Japan and
- Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan and
- Department of Chemistry, Osaka Sangyo University, Osaka, Japan.
Abstract
The reaction of glycidyl phenyl ether (GPE) with 1-aminoalkanes-intercalated {Alpha}-zirconium phosphate ({Alpha}-ZrP·1-aminoalkane): 1-aminoalkanes 1-aminopropane ({Alpha}-ZrP·Pr), 1-aminobutane ({Alpha}-ZrP·Bu), 1-aminooctane ({Alpha}-ZrP·Oct), and 1-aminohexadecane ({Alpha}-ZrP·Hed) was carried out at varying temperatures for 1 h periods. Reaction progress was not observed until the reactants were heated to 80 °C or above. On increasing the temperature, the conversion factors increased such that, at 140 °C, conversions of 62% ({Alpha}-ZrP·Pr), 60% ({Alpha}-ZrP·Bu), 67% ({Alpha}-ZrP·Oct), and 64% ({Alpha}-ZrP·Hed) were obtained. The thermal stabilities as latent initiators were tested: GPEs reacted with {Alpha}-ZrP·Pr, {Alpha}-ZrP·Bu, and {Alpha}-ZrP·Oct at 40 °C for 360 h achieved conversions of 83, 55, and 59%, respectively. In contrast, the reaction in the presence of {Alpha}-ZrP·Hed did not proceed at 40 °C. The order of the thermal stability of GPE in the presence of {Alpha}-ZrP·1-aminoalkane intercalation compounds was: {Alpha}-ZrP·Hed > {Alpha}-ZrP·Bu ≈ {Alpha}-ZrP·Oct > {Alpha}-ZrP·Pr. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2014, 52, 1854–1861
Copyright © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc
Significance Statement
Epoxy resins are widely used such as metal coatings, concreate coatings, adhesives, and composite materials. To cure the epoxy prepolymer mixtures, various types of amine compounds are utilized as curing agents and accelerators. Latent initiators enable catalyst-prepolymer mixtures to be stored without undergoing undesirable reaction under ambient temperature and rapidly initiate by external impetus such as thermal or photo irradiation. As amine derivatives of latent initiator; Lewis acid complex, dicyandiamide, and acid hydrazide are well known for curing agents. We have developed a novel type of latent initiator: amines intercalated into layer compound of a-ZrP. This initiator-prepolymer mixture can be stored at 40 °C and cured with high conversions under heating conditions. Moreover, the interlayer reactants are expected to reinforce mechanical properties of the epoxy composites.
